Deseret News
Thursday, December 22, 1994
 
AT A GLANCE: WEAPONS TESTING TRENDS AND TOTALS 
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F-80Chemical tests

Aerial testing of nerve agent GA

- Deadly nerve agent GA was sprayed at Dugway Proving Ground in six different instances, from Dec. 19, 1952, to Feb. 2, 1953. In the first four experiments, GA was spread by an F-80 fighter jet flying 480 mph at a height of 100 feet. In the last two tests, F-47M and F-47N fighters were used at speeds of 310 mph and at the same 100-foot heights.

Aerial testing of nerve agent GB

F-47- In 10 tests conducted between July 16, 1952, to Feb. 12, 1953, Dugway Proving Ground sprayed nerve agent GB from an F-80 flying 480 mph at heights ranging from 75 to 200 feet.

- GB was sprayed at Dugway in seven tests between April 17, 1953, to May 13, 1953, using an F3D-2 aircraft flying at 360 knots at heights ranging from 20 to 40 feet.

F3D- In four more tests conducted at Dugway between Feb. 10-24, 1954, an F-80 sprayed GB while flying at 470 mph at heights between 65 and 130 feet.

- On six dates from April 1, 1962, to May 31, 1962, more than 4,100 pounds of GB was sprayed at Dugway at heights ranging from 115 to 190 feet (the type of aircraft and speeds were undocumented).

Firing arms at fortifications with caged animals inside

Dugway Proving Ground conducted demonstrations weekly by firing 12 arms filled with nerve agent GB at fortifications with caged animals inside, as soldiers watched their deaths via TV.

The tests were conducted for 12 weeks from September 1959 to December 1959. During the next nine years - from 1960 to 1968 - the tests were performed 40 of the 52 weeks annually. The operation concluded the following year, with the tests being conducted weekly from January 1969 to June 1969.

Nonaerial tests with VX, GA and GB

GA, GB and VX were used in 1,178 documented tests from 1951 to 1969. Tests ranged from exploding shells filled with nerve agent to assessing troop operations in contaminated areas.

 

Test Totals

Test type Series Tests
     
Attacks on planes, arms leaks on plane   3   48
Arms and rockets filled with GA or GB   2 155
Arms filled with GA or GB 14 715
Assessments in VX-contaminated areas   2     5
Burned B-24 bomber with GB aboard   1     1
Downwind hazards of M-55 destruction    1     5
Landmines filled with VX    3   14
M-55 rockets filled with VX 10 126
155-mm shells filled with VX   8   55
8-inch howitzer shells filled with VX   3   21
Testing GB persistency in various temps   1   10
Various disposal, contamination tests     2   23
 

Germ tests

Germ tested Series Test series start Finish dates of tests
       
"coccidioides"   3 Sept. 1960 March 1964
"fluorescent particles" 11 May 1953 May 21, 1963
"pasteurella"   1 Oct. 9, 1952  
"pathogens" *   1 June 1950  November 1950
"undisclosed agents"   1 throughout 1954  
"unknown agents"   1 Jan. 24, '64 Feb. 3, '64
aspergillus fumigatus   1 May 1953 June 1953
bacillus anthracis   7 January 1954 Sept. 1960
bacillus subtilis 54 through 1945 Sept. 10, '86
botulinum toxin   1 September 1960  
brucella melitensis   3 June 1952 December 1952
brucella suis 17 May 12, 1952 February '56
clostridium botulinum   1 Nov. 19, 1952  
coccidioides uranine   1 Nov. 1962 March 1963
coxiella burnetii 11 June 1, 1951 April 4, 1967
virus bacterophage (28 tests) Sept. 4, 1986  
pasteurella pestis   1 March 27, 1952  
pasteurella tularensis 21 April 9, 1952 April 4, 1967
psittacosis   1 throughout 1951  
serratia marcescens 11 May 1953 May 18, '78
uranine dye   1 Aug. 1964 Sept. 1964
wheat rust spores   1 Feb. 18, 1952 May 27, '52
wheat stem rust   5 Sept. 12, 1952 August '54

    * - test unsubstantiated by government

Unsure if germs were confined to Army lands

From January 1951 through February 1956, Dugway Proving Ground conducted 36 test operations in which officials were unsure if tests were confined to Army lands.

Total

Germ tested Series Date started Date ended
       
Bacillus anthracis   3 January 1954 February 1956
Brucella melitensis   3 June 1952 December 1952
Brucella suis 16 May 19, 1952 February 1956
Clostridium botulinum   1 Nov. 19, 1952  
Coxiella burnetii   3 June 1, 1951 November 1952
Pasteurella pestis   1 Mar. 27, 1952  
Pasteurella tularensis   6 April 9, 1952 Nov. 18, 1954
Psittacosis   1 through 1951  
"Pasteurella"   1 Oct. 9, 1954  
"Undisclosed agents"   1 through 1954  
         

 

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